Design and Analysis of Experiments

[sanraj]

Library of Congress Cataloging | ISBN 0-387-98561-1 | English | PDF | 3.86 MB | 764 pages

Preface
Our initial motivation for writing this book was the observation from various students that the subject of design and analysis of experiments can seem like “a bunch of miscellaneous topics.”We believe that the identification of the objectives of the experiment and the practical considerations governing the design form the heart of the subject matter and serve as the link between the various analytical techniques. We also believe that learning about design and analysis of experiments is best achieved by the planning, running, and analyzing of a simple experiment. With these considerations in mind, we have included throughout the book the details of the planning stage of several experiments that were run in the course of teaching our classes. The experiments were run by students in statistics and the applied sciences and are sufficiently simple that it is possible to discuss the planning of the entire experiment in a few pages, and the procedures can be reproduced by readers of the book. In each of these experiments, we had access to the investigators’ actual report, including the difficulties they came across and how they decided on the treatment factors, the needed number of observations, and the layout of the design. In the later chapters, we have included details of a number of published experiments. The outlines of many other student and published experiments appear as exercises at the ends of the chapters. Complementing the practical aspects of the design are the statistical aspects of the analysis. We have developed the theory of estimable functions and analysis of variance with some care, but at a low mathematical level. Formulae are provided for almost all analyses so that the statistical methods can be well understood, related design issues can be discussed, and computations can be done by hand in order to check computer output. We recommend the use of a sophisticated statistical package in conjunction with the book. Use of software helps to focus attention on the statistical issues rather than on the calculation. Our particular preference is for the SAS software, and we have included the elementary use of this package at the end of most chapters. Many of the SAS program files and data sets used in the book can be found at

www.springer-ny.com

However, the book can equally well be used with any other statistical package. Availability of statistical software has also helped shape the book in that we can discuss more complicated analyses—the analysis of unbalanced designs, for example. The level of presentation of material is intended to make the book accessible to a wide audience. Standard linear models under normality are used for all analyses.We have avoidedusing calculus, except in a few optional sections where least squares estimators are obtained. We have also avoided using linear algebra, except in an optional section on the canonical analysis of second-order response surface designs. Contrast coefficients are listed in the form of a vector, but these are interpreted merely as a list of coefficients.

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